aeroplane Archives - Page 18 of 54 - Destination's Journey

Junkers Ju 86 in Australia

Junkers B3A (Ju 86K) Lawrence Hargreaves

Junkers Ju 86 in Australia

Junkers Ju 86 Z Werknummer 086 0952 was built in1937 in Dessau, Germany and registered as D-AGEY. During March 1937, over a three-week period, it was piloted by Hans Kommoll on a ferry flight from Germany to Australia. Just before landing, an engine failed resulting in it swinging off the runway. It took about five weeks before a replacement engine arrived from Germany by sea.

On May 14, 1937 it was registered in Australia as VH-UYA and named “Lawrence Hargrave” for the British-born Australian engineer, explorer, astronomer, inventor and aeronautical pioneer. This aircraft was acquired by Sydney wool broker, H. Beinssen in exchange for £23,000 worth of Australian wool being shipped to Germany.

Placed on charter to Airlines of Australia Ltd. it was hoped that the diesel engines would prove more economical to operate than other aircraft. However, engine reliability problems resulted in the operator cancelling the lease. The aircraft was shipped back Germany in August where it became D-AREY.

Kawanishi N1K1-J Shiden

The Kawanishi N1K1-J Shiden (Allied code name George; Japanese translation: Violet Lightning) was a land based version of the Kawanishi N1K1 Kyofu (Rex). Not only were the bulky floats removed, but a more powerful engine was fitted producing a fast and maneuverable fighter, the equal of the latest Allied aircraft. The Nakajima NK9A Homare 11 18-cylinder radial engine, produced 1650hp compared to the1,460hp of the MK4C Kasei 13 of the N1K1 Kyofu.

The mid-fuselage wing was retained, which required a long undercarriage. This proved to be structurally weak with many failures occurring. Gun armament was increased to two 20mm cannon in each wing (two of which were mounted in underwing gondolas), while retaining the two nose mounted 7.7-mm machineguns. Three other production versions were produced:

N1K1-Ja with nose guns deleted and all cannon mounted inside the wings
N1K1-Jb with underwing racks for two 250-kg bombs
N1K1-Jc with racks for four 250-kg bombs

A total of 1,007 Kawanishi N1K1-J Shiden were built. The N1K1 was further developed into the Kawanishi N1K2 with a redesigned fuselage and the wing moved to the lower fuselage.

Kawanishi N1K1-J Shiden in US Markings

Kawanishi N1K1-J George painted in the markings of the Army Air Forces Technical Air Intelligence Unit

Kawanishi N1K1 Kyofu

The Kawanishi N1K1 Kyofu (Allied code name Rex) was a single seat floatplane fighter. It was designed to support offensive operations where no forward airstrips were available. However, by the time it became operational, Japan was on the defensive and the role for the fighter had disappeared. As a consequence, only 97 were built.

Kawanishi produced a private venture of the Kyofu as a land plane fighter. Without the penalty of the large float, performance was significantly improved. It was produced as the Kawanishi N1K1-J Shiden and further refined as the Kawanishi N1K2-J Shiden-Kai.